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In recent years, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted considerable attention in the field of energy storage, and the design and engineering of effective electrode materials represent a critical part of research efforts. Consequently, vanadium( v )-based nanocomposites are of particular interest, primarily because V possesses a variety of valence states ( i.e. , V 2+ , V 3+ , V 4+ , and V 5+ ) and is cost efficient. In this review article, vanadium oxides, vanadium nitrides, vanadium sulfides, and mixed metal vanadates are primarily studied as V-based materials. Further, these compounds exhibit unique properties. In addition, recent advances in the preparation and electrochemical activity of V-based nanocomposites for SC applications are summarized with regard to synthesis methods, nanocomposite morphologies, and electrochemical performances. This review is concluded with a perspective, where promises and challenges of functional nanocomposites for SC applications are highlighted.